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ontology    音标拼音: [ɑnt'ɑlədʒi]
n. 存在论

存在论

ontology
n 1: (computer science) a rigorous and exhaustive organization
of some knowledge domain that is usually hierarchical and
contains all the relevant entities and their relations
2: the metaphysical study of the nature of being and existence

Ontology \On*tol"o*gy\, n. [Gr. ? the things which exist
(pl.neut. of ?, ?, being, p. pr. of ? to be) -logy: cf. F.
ontologie.]
1. That department of the science of metaphysics which
investigates and explains the nature and essential
properties and relations of all beings, as such, or the
principles and causes of being.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Computers) A systematic arrangement of all of the
important categories of objects or concepts which exist in
some field of discourse, showing the relations between
them. When complete, an ontology is a categorization of
all of the concepts in some field of knowledge, including
the objects and all of the properties, relations, and
functions needed to define the objects and specify their
actions. A simplified ontology may contain only a
hierarchical classification (a {taxonomy}) showing the
type subsumption relations between concepts in the field
of discourse. An ontology may be visualized as an abstract
graph with nodes and labeled arcs representing the objects
and relations.

Note: The concepts included in an ontology and the
hierarchical ordering will be to a certain extent
arbitrary, depending upon the purpose for which the
ontology is created. This arises from the fact that
objects are of varying importance for different
purposes, and different properties of objects may be
chosen as the criteria by which objects are classified.
In addition, different degrees of aggregation of
concepts may be used, and distinctions of importance
for one purpose may be of no concern for a different
purpose.
[PJC]

28 Moby Thesaurus words for "ontology":
aesthetics, axiology, casuistry, cosmology, epistemology, ethics,
existentialism, first philosophy, gnosiology, logic,
mental philosophy, metaphysics, moral philosophy, phenomenology,
philosophastry, philosophic doctrine, philosophic system,
philosophic theory, philosophical inquiry,
philosophical speculation, philosophy, school of philosophy,
school of thought, science of being, sophistry, theory of beauty,
theory of knowledge, value theory

1. A systematic account of Existence.

2. (From philosophy) An explicit
formal specification of how to represent the objects, concepts
and other entities that are assumed to exist in some area of
interest and the relationships that hold among them.

For {AI} systems, what "exists" is that which can be
represented. When the {knowledge} about a {domain} is
represented in a {declarative language}, the set of objects
that can be represented is called the {universe of discourse}.
We can describe the ontology of a program by defining a set of
representational terms. Definitions associate the names of
entities in the {universe of discourse} (e.g. classes,
relations, functions or other objects) with human-readable
text describing what the names mean, and formal {axioms} that
constrain the interpretation and well-formed use of these
terms. Formally, an ontology is the statement of a {logical
theory}.

A set of {agents} that share the same ontology will be able to
communicate about a domain of discourse without necessarily
operating on a globally shared theory. We say that an agent
commits to an ontology if its observable actions are
consistent with the definitions in the ontology. The idea of
ontological commitment is based on the {Knowledge-Level}
perspective.

3. The hierarchical structuring of
knowledge about things by subcategorising them according to
their essential (or at least relevant and/or cognitive)
qualities. See {subject index}. This is an extension of the
previous senses of "ontology" (above) which has become common
in discussions about the difficulty of maintaining {subject
indices}.

(1997-04-09)


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  • 一篇文章讲清楚：Ontology为什么是企业落地Agent的关键
    在人工智能和大数据领域，Ontology被引入计算机科学，用于帮助机器“理解世界”，并构建可操作的知识结构。 简单来说，Ontology是现实世界在数字空间的镜像。 它不是一张静态的元数据表，而是一个动态的“知识图谱+业务逻辑引擎”体系。
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  • 本体论 (哲学) - 维基百科，自由的百科全书
    本体论 (哲学) 本體論，或譯 存在論 、 存有論 等（英語：ontology），是 哲學 的一個分支，研究 存在 、 存有 、 生成 和 現實 等概念。 它包括如何將 實體 分組到基本類別，以及這些實體中哪些存在於最基本的級別的問題。
  • Ontology and Information Systems - Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
    Ontology (in information systems) is the field that attempts to create shared meanings of symbols Different practitioners in the field may decide to create different lists of symbols with different definitions
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    什么是本体论（Ontology），本体论与分类法（Taxonomies）、知识图谱（Knowledge Graphs） 的区别和联系 该术语起源于哲学，指对存在和实体的研究。
  • What Is Ontology? Definition, Components AI Use Cases in 2026
    Ontology gives AI systems shared meaning Learn what it is, how it differs from knowledge graphs and semantic layers, and how to build one for your stack
  • Ontology | Definition, History Examples | Britannica
    Ontology, the philosophical study of being in general, or of what applies neutrally to everything that is real It was called “first philosophy” by Aristotle in Book IV of his Metaphysics
  • Ontology 如何运作？从身份验证到链上信任建立的完整流程
    Ontology 的运作流程可以概括为“身份创建—数据绑定—凭证验证—链上共识—信任建立”。用户首先通过 ONT ID 创建分布式身份，并将数据或凭证与其绑定；在需要验证时，通过加密签名与可验证凭证确认信息真实性；最终由网络节点通过共识机制记录结果，从而在无需中心化机构的情况下建立可信
  • Ontology: Theory and History
    Pure philosophical ontology is different from applied scientific ontology, and ontology in the applied scientific sense can be understood either as a discipline or a domain
  • 知识图谱中的 Ontology（本体论） - CSDN博客
    Ontology（本体论） Ontology 是（特定领域）信息组织的一种形式，是领域知识规范的抽象和描述，是表达、共享、重用知识的方法。 Ontology 是知识体系构建的关键技术，知识图谱是一种人工智能技术，它的关键在于让计算机能够处理人类的知识。





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