RC4
A {cipher } designed by {RSA Data Security ,
Inc .} which can accept {keys } of arbitrary length , and is
essentially a {pseudo random number generator } with the output
of the generator being {XOR }ed with the data stream to produce
the encrypted data . For this reason , it is very important
that the same RC4 key never be used to encrypt two different
data streams . The encryption mechanism used to be a trade
secret , until someone posted source code for an {algorithm }
onto {Usenet News }, claiming it to be equivalent to RC4 . The
algorithm is very fast , its security is unknown , but breaking
it does not seem trivial either . There is very strong
evidence that the posted algorithm is indeed equivalent to
RC4 .
The United States government routinely approves RC4 with
40 -bit keys for export . Keys this small can be easily broken
by governments , criminals , and amateurs . The exportable
version of {Netscape }'s {Secure Socket Layer }, which uses
RC4 -40 , was broken by at least two independent groups .
Breaking it took about eight days ; in many universities or
companies the same computing power is available to any
computer science student .
See also {Damien Doligez 's SSL cracking page
http ://pauillac .inria .fr /~doligez /ssl /)}, {RC4 Source and
Information (http ://cs .hut .fi /crypto /rc4 )}, {SSLeay
http ://cs .hut .fi /crypto /software .html #ssleay )}, {Crypto
http ://cs .hut .fi /crypto /software .html #crypto )}, {Ssh
http ://cs .hut .fi /crypto /software .html #ssh )}, {A
collection of articles
http ://cs .hut .fi /crypto /rc4 -breaking )}.
1996 -10 -28 )
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